Charge forming device



Dec. 26, 1933. w. H. TEETER CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed Aug. 19, 1929 3Sheets-Sheet and )lf'lf'ard IX Jester Dec. 26, 1933. w. TEETER 1,941,284

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed Aug. 19, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wilford 7/.Jeefer Dec. 26, 1933. w H, TEETER 1,941,284

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed Aug. 19, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Dec.26, 1933 This invention relates to charge formingdevices for internalcombustion engines and more particularly to devices of this characterwhich comprise a plurality of primary carburetorswliichj deliver aprimary mixture of fuel and air to a 1 plurality of secondary. mixingchamberslocatedadjacent the engine intake ports and in] which theprimary mixture is mixed with additicnal air under certain operatingconditions. 3c? Devices of this general character are disclosed in thecopending application of Fred E. Aseltine, Wilford H. Teeter and Carl H.KindLSerial No. 288,683, filed June 2'7. 1928.

It is the principal object of thepresent inven- 7 61011 to, provide in adevice of the character above described, means to secure amore equaldistribution of the fuel charge to the cylinders of a multicylinderengine. More, specifically, it. is the object of the'present inventionto constructthe g manifold which forms part of acharge forming:

device of this character in such'a manner that the engine suctioncommunicated .to any one branch of the manifold'when the intake valveofthat particular branch is open'is not directly communicated to certainother branches and surging of the mixture from one outlet branch to theother as the engine suction is directly communicated to these branches,is largely prevented.-

go In the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein a charge formingdevice for an eight cyl-.

inder engine is illustrated, the invention-being particularly adaptableto an engine of that type. According to'the present inventionas :dis.-.

L 1 closed herein the distributiondifficulties withan" eight vcylinderengine have, been substantially eliminated by providing two conduitswithinthe manifold both of 'which communicate with" a single intake andeach of which is constructed -to communicate directly with theintake;ports of a 'groupof four cylinders, the construction I beingsuch thattheeightcylinderengine is really divided intotwo four cylinder engines having the same firing order; the intake ports of I r i v each of whichcommunicate directly with one of said manifold conduits. 1

Further objects and advantages'of the present invention. will beapparent from the following clearly shown.

In the drawings:

description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,'wherein'a; preferred. elllbodle ment of one form of the presentinvention is;

" mannerdescribed in the above application a'nd Fig. 1 is averticaL-longitudinal section Fig. 2.is a horizontal section through themania fold of Fig; 1, certain pa'rts' being shown in plan.

Fig. 31s. a top 'planvi'ew. 1 H Fig.1 sis.afragmentaryfront elevationof:.the J manifcldiwhi'ch forms a part of the charge form=. ing device;I i v I. 1 i Y Y Fig. 51s a fragi "entary section oh the Line 4-4 ofFiggI.

The device 'disclosedcom'prises. a main mani-f fold 10. havingfour:outletibranches 12; 1'4, 16 and18', as disclosed in Fig. 2.; Each-01" these. branches. communicates with oneo'f, the intake ports 20 :of!an'ifeight c'ylinder. engine; These branches are each-.zprovided'with'an attaching flange :22 for securing the manifold tot'ne en-.gineblock'in theusualmanner, and aiflan'ge 24, to'which the carburetorunitis secured, .1

p The carburetor.unitcomprises a-main housin 26,having anattachingifiang'e 28,adapted'to. be. secured to the flange '241byscrew/s30. An air, inletv coupling 32 is secured in position-43oregister :with an opening in .theu'p'per wall of the housing 26 in anysuitablexway, and may beconnected with an 0: air cleaner ifdes'ired, Acasting'34 in which the passages supplying fuel to thenoz'zles areformed,. is secured by screws to the lower wall'ofthe main.

housing and ash'eetmetal fuel bowl. 3'6v is held tight against anannular shoulderi38 on'the hous= ing. byany suitable means. Fuel isconducted. from a :mainsourceof supplyito the fuel "bowl through aconduit (not shown) and the flow is controlled-by a float40;:operatingiin the usual manner to maintain a substantiallyconstantllevel 0; of fuel therein. Fuelflows from the bowl 36 to aplurality .of. primary fuel nozzles 42, one. of which. islocated.

in eachof the primary mixingchambers 44, the

construction of whichis briefly described herefice 52, andlathighispeeds"additional fuel i's ad mitted' through an' orifice54.contro1led by a valve 56, .operatedin the manner setrforth. in; theabove mentioned application, The n'oz'zle's supply fuel to the primary?mixing chambers in the each nozzle isprovided wlthja fuel metering err-The primary mixing chambers comprise the enlarged anterior ends of theprimary mixture passages 60, which are parallel to each other and closetogether, as indicated in Fig. 2. When the carburetor is attached to themanifold these passages register with conduits which convey the primarymixture to the secondary mixing chambers as briefly describedhereinafter. Restrictions 62 separate the primary mixing chambers fromthe remainder of the mixture passages to reduce the velocity flow pastthe fuel nozzle for a purpose fully set forth in the above application.

A single throttle valve 64, which extends across all the primary mixturepassages, controls the fiow therethrough and is provided with grooves 66which register with said mixture passages. The primary mixture passagescommunicate with conduits which extend to the secondary mixing chambersin the outlet branches of the manifold. These conduits comprise passages68, formed in the manifold casting, as indicated in Fig. 2 and pipeconnections 70 which communicate with the passages 68 and are connectedby elbows 72 to tubes 74 which are fixed in position in the manifold andare coaxial with each outlet branch. Except for the fact that there arefour of the primary mixture conduits disclosed in this device, suchconduits are of substantially the same construction as those fullydescribed in the above application and no more detailed description ofthese conduits need be incorporated herein.

Nearly all of the air entering the carburetor flows through the inletcoupling 32, and is controlled by main air valve '76, normally heldagainst a seat 78 by a spring 80, received between the.

valve and a flange 82 projecting from a sleeve 84, slidably mounted on astationary guide sleeve 86, fixed in the main housing and serving alsoas a guide for the stem 88 to which the air valve is secured. Tofacilitate starting of the engine, the flange 82 may be lifted by meansnot shown herein but fully described in the above application, until theupper end of the sleeve 84 engages the air valve to hold it closed.Sufficient air to carry the starting fuel from the nozzles to the intakeports is admitted through an elongated slot 90, formed in a plate 92,secured to the main housing as shown in Fig. 1.

The valve '76 admits air to the air chamber 94 from which air fiows tothe primary mixture passages through an opening 96 in the bottom of theair chamber and to the secondary mixing chambers through a passage 98,which connects with the inlet of the manifold 10. A manually operablethrottle 100 is secured to a shaft 102, rotatably mounted in the housingand a suction operated valve 104 secured to a shaft 106, also rotatablymounted in the housing control the fiow of air through the passage 98;

The valve operating mechanism forms no part of this invention'and it issufficient for the purposes of this disclosure to describe very brieflythe mode of operation of these valves. The primary throttle 64 isconnected to the throttle 100 by an adjustable lost motion connectionwhich is generally adjusted to permit the primary throttle to movewithout the accompanying movement of the air throttle until the formerreaches a posi tion corresponding to a vehicularspeed of'approximately15 to 20 miles per hour on the level after which the two throttles aremoved simultaneously. The valve 104, which is operated by enginesuction, is opened only after the valve 100 begins to open and isretarded during its opening movement for the purpose of improving theoperation of the engine during the acceleration period, I

as fully set forth in the above-mentioned application.

The opening of the main air valve '76 is also retarded to preventfluttering of the valve and to prevent the admission of enough air todilute the mixture. For this purpose a dashpot is provided comprising acylinder 188, formed in the casting 36, and a piston 110, secured'to thelower end of the valvestem 88 by any suitable means. This dashpot is ofconventional form and its specific construction is not material to thepresent invention. The above described dashpot is also constructed toserve as a fuel pump in the device disclosed. To this end a deliveryconduit 112 is provided which extends from the dashpot cylinder 108 to ahorizontal channel 114, formed in a block 116, secured to the bottom ofthe main housing, and provided with four vertical passages 118, each ofwhich communicates with one of the mixture passages as fully set forthin the above application. The pump is not a part of this as clearlyshown in Fig. 3. The outlet branches 12 and 18 communicate with twointake ports which supply cylinders 1, 2, 7, and 8 with combustiblemixture, while the outlet branches l4 and 16 supply cylinders 3, 4, 5and 6 with fuel mixture. Thus it will be seen that the passage 142supplies fuel mixture to a group of four cylinders of an eight-cylinderengine, while passage 144 sup-plies mixture to another group of fourcylinders of said engine, and these cylinders are so arranged that thefiring order of the two groups is'the same.

In order to explain the operation of this invention it is necessary toconsider what happens in the ordinary intake manifold of an eightcylinder engine having the cylinders in line. The firing order of suchan engine may be 1, 6, 2, 5, 8, 3,7,4,

and in an intake manifold of the type disclosed I cated to some extentto every outlet branch of a:

conventional manifold, and where primary fuel mixture is delivered tothe outlet branches, as in charge forming devices of the type disclosed,fuel collects in anyone outlet branch as all other outlet branches areeffective until the valve assooiated with that particular branch isopened, when such collected fuel is drawn into the engine,

When the firing order is as indicated above there must be unequaldistribution of fuel to the various.

ports. For instance, considering ports 1 and 2, there is only onecylinder, 6, which fires between 1 and 2 while there are five cylinderswhich fire between 2 and 1. Therefore, because of the above describedaccumulation of fuel in the manifold branch supplying cylinders 1 and 2during the firing of other cylinders, it will beobvious that the fuelcharge delivered to cylinder 1 is greater than that delivered tocylinder 2. It will be clear, however, that in the device disclosed,each of the passages 122 and 124 supply mixture to a group of fourcylinders, the firing order of which is such that one cylinder is firedbetween any two so that the supply of fuel to every :cylinder 'isisubstantially;the,same.... v y

Although the two -,passages- 1 2 2 and 1124 are in communication at thepoint where they connect with :the passage -.there is a partition ,130

which partially separates the two -.passages .122 and ,124andthe effectof this partition ,and of the air entering. the passage 1201s such thatthe suction communicated to the outletrb anohes :14 and-.l 6, when theintake values associated with suchbranches areopen, is not communicatedto the outlet branches 12and178 sufficiently to :be noticeable.

be obvi s th t her W -71281 .855 sur ineaof the fuel mixture back andforth'from one outlet branch to another than i a ma if d of on.-ventional form comprising one passage having outlet branchescommunicating ,with all the engine intake ports. a

' The secondary mixing chambers comprise Yen turi tubes 13. pos t edadiae tt b ou le e of the primary mixture conduitsin all the outletbranches; 'Ifhese tubesare identical and each is provided withanexterior rib 134, which is adapt-' ed to be clamped between shoulders136 and 138 .onthe-inanifold of the-engine block respectively, when thedevice is assembled. These tubes aocelerate the flow of air pastthedeliveryends of the-primary mixture conduits, increasing the velocityof flow .therethrough in the manner set forth in the above-mentionedapplication.

The specific details ofconstruction of the earburetor unit are notmaterial so faras the present 1. A charge forming device formulti-icylilnder I internal combustion engines comprising acarburetorunit providedwith means for forming a primary mixture of fueland air and a manifold associated therewith which is adapted to supply acombustible mixture to the engine intake ports, said manifold having aplurality of air passages formed therein, each of which communicateswith part only of the intake ports and means for supplying primary fuelmixture to each of said air passages.

2. A charge forming device for multi-cylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit provided with means for forming aprimary mixture of fuel and air and a manifold associated therewithwhich is adapted to supply a combustible mixture to the engine intakeports, said manifold having a plurality of air passages formed therein,each of which communicates with certain of said intake ports, secondarymix-- ing chambers formed in said air passages and means for supplyingprimary mixture to said secondary mixing chambers.

3. A charge forming device for multi-cylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit'provided with means for forming aprimary mixture of fuel and air, a manifold as sociated therewith whichis adapted to supply a combustible mixture to theengine intake ports,

said manifold being provided with a plurality of air passages each ofwhich communicates with Since this is true and since themessages 1-22and 124 are i dire communication with only; four cylinders instead ofeighhzit ,will' certain-pf ,said intake portstonly,-means for sup-.plyinggprimary fuel mixture .to said passages and a single .air inletadapted to admit air to bothof said passages. A. ,charge .forming devicefor ,multi-cylinder' internal combustion engines comprising a,carburetor unit provided :with means for forming a n fimarymixture offuel and'air and a secondary air supply passage, a manifold associated:there.- yvith which ,is adapted to supply a combustible mixturetozthegengine intake ports, said manifold being provided with aplurality of air passages eaehof communicateswith certain of said intakeport s-,only,,and a single airinlet passage in vfiaid manifold"communicating with both said ,passagesand the secondary air supplypassage formed in the carburetor unit.

j A charge, forming device for multi-cylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit provided with means for forming amixture of air and fuel, an intake manifoldassociated therewith which isprovided with .a plurality of outlet branches adapted to-flcommunicatewith theengine intake ports, means in said manifold-to prevent surgingof the charge fromeertain outlet branches to certain other outletbranches, and means for introducing-the mixtureof air and fuel formedinthe'carburetor unitdirectly into the outlet branches of the manifold.

i6. A charge forming device for multi-cylinder internal combustionengines comprising a car,-, buretor unit provided with means for forminga mixture of air and fuel, an intake manifoldassociated therewith whichis provided with a plurality of outlet branches adapted to communicate wth the engine intake ports, means dividing said manifold into apluralityof intake passages, each of which communicates directly withcertain of the intake portsonly whereby surging of the charge fromcertain -outlet branches to certainpthercutlet branches, andmeansforintroducing the mixture of air and fuel formed in the carburetorunit directly into'the outlet branches of the manifold.

. Asharae orm n devicef ea interna tembns i n ece s s a ca buretor unitprovided with means for forming a mixture of air and fuel therein, amanifold associated therewith which is adapted to communicate with theengine intake ports, means within said manifold dividing it into aplurality of passages each of which communicates directly with theintake ports supplying combustible mixture to four cylinders, means forconveying fuel mixture from the mixture forming means to said passages,and an air inlet admitting air to said passages.

8. A charge forming device for an eight cylinder internal combustionengine comprising a carburetor ,unit provided with means for forming amixture of air and fuel therein, a manifold associated therewith, whichis adapted to communicate with the engine intake ports, means r an eightcylinwithin said manifold dividing it into a plurality of passages eachof which communicates directly with the intake ports supplyingcombustible mixtureto a group offour cylinders, said of intake ports,comprising a plurality of primary mixing chambers each of which isadapted to supply primary mixture to an intake port, a single secondaryair passage, an intake manifold having an inlet communicating with saidsecondary air passage, and a plurality of outlet branches communicatingwith said intake ports, means within the manifold for dividing it into aplurality of passages each of which communicates with only a portion ofthe outlet branches, and primary mixture conduits for conveying theprimary mixture from said mixing chambers to the outlet branches of saidmanifold.

10. An intake manifold for a multi-cylinder internal combustion enginecomprising a plurality of outlet branches adapted to communicate withthe engine intake ports, an air intake passage, for admitting air tosaid manifold, a plurality of passages within the manifold each of whichcommunicates with said air intake passage and with certain of saidoutlet branches only, and means for supplying primary mixture to saidmanifold for admixture with the air: admitted thereto.

11. An intake manifold for a multi-cylinder internal combustion enginecomprising a plurality of outlet branches adapted to communicate withthe engine intake ports, an air intake passage for admitting air to saidmanifold, a plurality of passages within the manifold, each of whichcommunicates with said intake passage and with certain of said outletbranches only and conduits communicating with each outlet branch of themanifold for supplying primary mixture thereto.

12. A charge forming device for multicylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit provided with means for forming amixture of fuel and air and a manifold associated'therewith which isadapted to supply a combustible mixture to the engine intake ports, saidmanifold having a plurality of outlet branches adapted to communicatewith all the engine intake ports, a plurality of passages formed withinthe manifold each of which communicates with certain of said outletbranches only, and means for supplying a mixture of fuel and airdirectly to all of the outlet branches.

13. A charge forming device for multicylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit provided with means for forming amixture of fuel and air and a manifold associated therewith which isadapted to supply a combustible mixture to the engine intake ports, saidmanifold having a plurality of outlet branches adapted to communicatewith all the engine intake ports, a plurality of passages formed withinthe manifold, each of which communicates with certain of said outletbranches only, a single inlet for the manifold adapted to communicatedirectly with both of said passages andmeans for supplying a mixture offuel and air directly to all of the outlet branches.

'14. A charge forming device for multicylinder internal combustionengines comprising a carburetor unit provided with a plurality ofprimary mixing chambers, means for supplying fuel and air to saidmixture passage, a single secondary air passage adapted to supply airfor mixture with the primary fuel mixture, an intake manifold associatedwith said carburetor unit, said manifold having a plurality of outletbranches each of which communicates with one of the engine intakeports,a plurality of air passages within the manifold, each of whichcommunicates directly with certain of said outlet branches only, aplurality of conduits conveying primary mixture from the mixing chambersto the outlet branches, and'a single passage connecting all of saidplurality of air passages with the secondary air passages of thecarburetor unit.

15. An intake manifold for a multicylinder engine having a plurality ofintake ports, said manifold comprising a plurality of outlet branchesadapted to communicate with the engine intake ports, a plurality ofpassages formed within the manifold, each of which communicates directlywith certain of said outlet branches only, a single air inlet portadapted to supply air to both of said passages and conduits adapted toconvey fuel mixture from a carburetor with which the manifold isdesigned to be associated to the outlet branches of said manifold.

WILFORD H. TEETER.

